Miter-box



(No M0de 1.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. A K.L .HYLLBR.

- MITBR BOX. No. 525,215. Patented'Aug. 28, 1894.

(No Model.)

2 Sheets8heet 2'; K. L. HYLLBR.

MITER BOX.

Pa;tented Aug. 28, 1894.

f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MlTER-BOX.

SPECIFICATION fo1mng part of Letters Patent No. 525,215, dated August 28, 189 4.

Application filed July 31, 1893.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, KNUD L. HYLLER, a citi zen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago,

the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved miter box for carpenters, join ers, and cabinet-makers use, which shall be so completely provided with devices for insuring cleanness in the cutting and accuracy in the matching of the mitered parts at whatever angles, as to dispense with the necessity for the use of the plane'or chisel to complete or perfect the joint; audit consists in the details for the adjustment of the various guides and means of securing the same, as more particularly set out in the claims.

In the drawings,.Figure 1 is a plan of my improved miter box. Fig. 2 is a vertical section at the plane indicated by the line 22 on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section at the line 33 on Fig. 2, designed to show details of the saw guide-bearing devices. Fig.4: is a detail section at the line 44: on Fig. 1. Fg. 5 is a detail section at the line 5-5 on Fig. l, showing a device for clamping the vertical gages to the margin of the horizontal bed.

A is a substantially semi-circular platform, which may have at its circumference a de gree scale to assist the operat0r in adj usting the vertical gages when the angle of miter in the plano of the platform is known in degrees.

B B are vertical gages, pivoted at the center of the semi-circular platform A, and each adapted to swing over the platform so as to stand at any angle to the plano of the saw or line of intersection of the saws plano With the platform. The platform has a marginal lip or flange A, projecting horizontally flush with its upper surface about the semi-circular periphery which aftords means for clamping the vertical gages B B to the platform in adj usted position, the lower bar b of the gage being extended in the portion b, and bent down'and back to clasp the flange A, a bolt b being inserted through both bars of the hook or loop thus formed, outside of the mar- Serial No. 481,932. (No model.)

flush with the platform, or elevated to constitute a stop or gage for one side of the trysquare, or other angle-measuring tool, in adjusting the vertical gages B B.

At the straight side of the platform A, but depressed below its upper surface, there are located the devices in which the saw guides are supported and adapted to be adjusted.

These will now be described in detail.

The platform Ais mounted upon transverse iron 'benches C C and c, which project beyond the straight edge and in such projecting portion are provided with the chairs C C and o, in which the bed D is seated and secured. This bed, which is preferably 'an open or skeleton frame of metal, has in its upper surface the semi-circular concavity D, which forms the seat for the sliding beam E, which is also preferably a skeleton, both its convex outline, and the concave outline of the channel D in the bed D in which it slides being preferably gridironed or composed of intersecting longitudinal and transverse bars, as illustrated.

In view of the fact hereinafter explained, that the beam is to slide and rotate in the concave seat in the bed, it is preferable, in order to avoid possible collision of the edges of the bars or gridironedsurfaces, in case of any slight inaccuracy or springing of them in use, that the longitudirialbars of one element and the transverse curved bars of the other element be slightly depressed from the surface. As illustrated, the longitudinal bars d d of the bed are flush with the concave surface, and the transverse or curved bars d are slightly depressed, while, in case of the beam E, the longitudinal bars e are depressed and the transverse'curved bars e form the curved bearing surface. The purpose of this beam and bed is to carry"vertical posts F F, on which saw guides may be afforded, and to provide for adjustment of such guides longi- TOO tudinally to bring them as near together and to the saw as the Width or thickness of the material which is being cut will permit, and also angularly about the axis of the beam E and its seat in the bed D, to vary and fix the angle of the cut which the saw makes with respect to the plano of the platform. The beam E is therefore longitudinally open at the upper side, and extending longitudinally through it at the center is a cylindrical shaft E, which has bearings in the end plates E E of the beam, said bearings being concentric with the beam, but the journals of the shaft being cut slightly eecentric with respect to the shaft, so that the shaft rolling in said bearings operates as an eecentric for the purpose of binding the posts, as hereinafter explained. The third bearingfor the shaft may be provided at the middle of the length of the beam, where a similarly eceentric journal will be formed on the shaft. Conveniently, this middle bearing is made by a split eyebolt or strap E which may be clasped around the shaft before it is inserted, the split ends protruding and being bound in any convenient manner as by a nut e The posts F terminate at their lower ends in eyes F F, which are entered by the shaft E as the post is putinto position in the beam, and the lower end of the post is provided at the side of the eyes with seats F F which, when the eyes are on the shaft, rest accurately upon the slide-bearings E E at the opposite margins of the longitudinal channel in which the shaft E rests in the beam E. And rotat ing the shaft E in its bearings, causes it, engaging the eyes in the posts, to draw and firmly bind the post endwise onto said slidebearings of the beam. The two posts being each set in position longitudinally in the beam, as desired, may be thus fixed in those positions by the same clamping movement of the shaft. The two po'sts and the parts thereon are precisely alike, and the description will be made in terms applying to one of them.

Upon the side of the post toward the plat form, it is provided with vertical slidin g bearings for the saw frame Gr. This frame, in its details which will be explained, is adapted to receive the saw blade, being adjustable to blades of various thicknesses and widths, the

intention being that in respect to thickness it shall be adjusted so that while the blade may move freely in it there shall be no appreciable lateral play. The frame is also designed to rest upon the back of the saw, and by its weight to hold the saw close into its cut, preventing j umping and eonsequent marring of the cut surface which is otherwiseliable to occur. The device is thereby especially adapted to produce finished work, even in the hands of persons comparatively inexpert in such hand processes. In detail, the

frame Gr comprises the slide rib G, which fits into the groove F in the postF, and the lateral flanges G2 G which engage behind the flanges F F of the post. This construction is generically equivalent to a dove tail, but I prefer it to a dove-tail because of the less liability to binding which I find in the construction which I have adopted.

The frame G has a rectangular opening G from which a rift is cut through the lower end of the frame, and on one margin of the rift there is mounted the adjustable guard G which is dove-tailed to thatmargin, which is obligue with respect to the opposite margin, the latter being parallel with the slide rib G. The edge of the guard G which faces the 0pposite margin of the rift is parallel with said opposite margin, said guard being therefore tapering, its dove-failed edge being obligue to its guard edge. To the upper end of this guard G there is loosely connected the link G which constitutes the stem of the guard and extends through the upper bar of the frame and is threaded at the protruding end. The frame is provided with the lug G, overhanging the upper bar, and having an aperture in line with the aperture through said upper bar, through which the link extends, so that the nut g on the threaded end of the link under the lug and fitting elosely between said Ing and the upper bar of the frame, being rotated, Will force the link, and thereby the guard G in either direction, causing the guard to slide at its inclined dovetailed joint on the margin of the rift, and thereby adjust it with nicety toward and from the opposite margin of the rift to vary the saw opening.

In order that the framemay not only afford the guide for the saw blade, but may also operate as a weight to hold the blade down in the cut which it makes, it must rest upon the back of the saw and be adapted thereby to follow the saw down as the lattercuts its way into the wood. And in orderthat it may not be prevented from so doing by coming into contact with the wood itself, and eeasing thereafter to rest its weight upon the saw, it is necessary that the stop which rests upon the back edge of the saw should not be farther from the lower edge of the frame at the margin of the saw aperture than the distance which the saw at any time protrndesinto the cut. But in asmuch as this distance will vary as the work advances and with difierent pieces of work, and inasmuch as it is desir able that the saw should be guarded as close to the cut which it is making as possible, allowing the least possible opportunity for inaccuracy, I provide the stop G for the back edge of the saw which is adjustablevertieally in the frame, so that it may at all times rest upon the back edge of the saw and at the same time permit the saw to be guarded as near to its cut as possible.

G constitutes this stop, which is arranged to slide vertically on two guide rods, for one of which the link G5 is utilized, the other being the rod G ,parallel with said link and suitably secured to the frame at the upper and lower ends. The stop G has the stem IIO work. But'in view of the perfect guarding.

G which extends out through the upperbar' the length of the latter. Y By this means, it

of the frame in which the set screw G71 is provided to bind the stem and hold the stop at any point to which it may be adj usted. The distance between the guide rods for this stop below the latter'will be sutficient to accommodate the back rib of the ribbed saws, such as are commonly employed for this class of of the saw blade immediately adjzrcent to the cut, any kind of saw can be employed with this device without the usual danger of inaccuracy which-is incurred in employing flexible saws.

In addition to the adjustment of the posts F F longitudinally in the beam E, this beam is adjustable both longitudinally and about its axis in the concave seat of the bed D, as will be understood from the structure of the two parts. To secure the beam in any position to which it may beadjusted, either longitudinally or by rotation, I provide the segmental clamp block E which, when placed upon the upper side of the beam, completos the cylindrical outline of the latter, having faces E" E which match the slide-bearings E and a rib E which enters between said slide-bearings. I provide also the clamping strap E of metal, whose ends are received in the thin mortises d which extend vertically through the bed D at opposite sides of theconcave seat therein, midway in its length and in line transversely with the pvot of the gages B B. This strap has the slot E extendingthrough its curved portion at the top, and the block E has a projection E which enters said slot, whereby said strap retains the block in position notwithstanding any longitudinal movement of the beam E, while the slot permits the rotary movement of the block with the beam. The ends of the Strap extend below the seat of the beam, and through the bed, below said seat, I insert the shaft D, which passos through the two eyes E E in the ends of the Strap, and has journals Dslightly eccentric with respect to the shaft, for which bearings are provided in the bed D, so that the rotation of the shaft in its eccentric bearings causes the shaft to act as an eccentric to draw the clamping strap tightly down upon the block E and thereby hold the beam in any position to which it may be adjusted,

either longitudinally or by rotation in the bed. One end of the shaft E and one end of the shaft D are squared, and I provide for each of them a key by which they may be rotated, said keys being shown at E and D respectively.

It will be observed that this device is adapted to permit a very wide range of ad. justment of the saw guards longitudinally with respect to the line of the cut, since the beam E may be adj usted in the bed and the posts F may be adj usted longitudinally with respect to the beam. Both posts being adapted to independent adjustment in the beam, their distance apart is limitedonly by is possible, within a wide range, to bring the ever the Width of the board or molding, and

this is one object which I consider important. It will be observ'ed also as already pointed out, that the weight of the saw frames, sliding freely on the posts, bears at all times upon the saw, and tends to hold it in the cut which it makes, while the adjustability of the guard at the saw rift in said frame makes it possible to reduce to the minimum liability to lateral vibration while cutting. And also, that the adjustability of thestop in the saw frame, adapting the latter to be always brought down so that the saw guards shall be as close as possible to the upper surface of the material being cut, further diminishes the liability both to vibration and deflection by tilting the saw.

Any angie whatever may be obtained by the adjustment of the vertical gages B B, and the range of adjustment of the beam by rotation or rocking in the bed is designed to be fully fortyfive degrees from the vertical position, and this practically permits the cutting of any angle in that direction, because the block or board may be placed either side up and upon either side of the pvot of the gages B B,that is, against either one of said gages, and any angie may thus be secured with an adjustment of only forty-five degrees. Every conceivable miter cut may be made, therefore, with this device. Preferably, for greater convenience, it is desirable that the posts should have some range of adj ustment from the vertical toward the platform as well as away from it, although it is not necessary, in order to adapt the device to cutting any angle. But to permit such adjustment toward theplatform, the gages B B may be cut away at the upper inner corners such distance as the posts can tilt in that direction without bringing the plano of the saw beyond the edge of the platform or of the gage li p A thereon; and this range might be made anything desired by varying the distanc e horizontally of the bed and beam from the said edge.

claim- IOO IIO

1. In combination with the platform, the v bed D rigid therewith, the beam E, seated in the bed and adapted to slide and rock in its seat; and means for clamping it fast thereto; and the posts extending up from said beam provided with guards for the saw blade: substantially as set forth.

2. In combination with the platform, the bed D, rigid therewith, the beam E seated in the bed and adapted to rock and slide in its seat, and means for clamping it fast thereto; the posts extending up from the beam and adjustable longitudinally with respect thereto, and means for securing them in adjusted position in the beam, said posts having guards for the saw blade: substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with the beam having posts provided with saw guides the bed having a semi-cylindrical cavity which receives the beam, the clamping strap striding the beam, and the shaft journaled eccentricall'y in the bed below the beam and engaging the eyes of the strap to clamp the beam in the bed: substantially as set forth.

4. In combination With the bed the beam having saw guides, the shaft extending 10ngitudinally through it and journaled eccentrically at the ends of the beam; the posts having eyes at their 1ower ends running on the shaft; and shoulders by Which they are seated upon the upper side of the beam; whereby the rotation of the eccentrically journaled shaft clamps the post to the beam: substantially as set forth.'

5. In combination With the bed, the posts F F, and the saw blade frames having slidebearings on the posts; the guard G having slide bearings on the frame oblique to the guard edge, the stem of such guard pivotally connected thereto and longitndinallyguided in the same frame; and the adjusting nut checked against axial movement With respect to the frame; whereby its rotation moves the guard stem by virtue of its obligue bearings: substantial1y as set forth.

6. In combination with the bed having a semi-cylindrical cavity, saw-guide Posts and the beam which carries them sea.ted in such cavity and adapted to rock and slide therein, the cylindrical surfaces of the beam and bed being gridironed, as described, the longitudi nal bars of the one and curved transverse bars of the other being depressed back of the cylindrical surfaces defined by the other bars: substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two witnesses, at Chicago, Illinois, this 21st day of July, 1893.

' KNUD L. HYLLER.

Witnesses:

CHAS. S. BURTON, JEAN ELLIOTT. 

